As we consider the question of eternal judgment (especially with respect to the unevangelized), there are several elements that appear in the first twelve verses of Romans chapter two that merit our attention.
First, God’s judgment will be according to truth: “But we know that the judgment of God is according to truth against those who practice such things” (Romans 2:2). In light of this, we can say that God’s judgment will not be clouded by false narratives or futile attempts to cast doubt upon the evidence. Instead, God will truthfully assess our conduct.
Next, our sinful behavior produces a cumulative effect. Romans 2:5 tells us, “…you are treasuring up for yourself wrath in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God…” Much like the compound interest produced by a savings account at a financial institution, God’s wrath against sin “treasures up” as well.
Romans 2:6 then goes on to tell us, God will judge us on the things we do: “[God] will render to each one according to his deeds.” This passage reminds us that God’s judgment will encompass the things we do, and not the things we wanted (but neglected) to do. Thus, we are encouraged to be hearers and doers of God’s Word today.
In addition, God’s judgment will be completely impartial according to Romans 2:11: “For there is no partiality with God.” Unlike human beings (who often demonstrate favoritism towards those who can advance their interests), God is utterly unbiased in His judgments.
Finally, God’s judgment will encompass everyone, no matter when or where they lived: “For as many as have sinned without law will also perish without law, and as many as have sinned in the law will be judged by the law” (Romans 2:12). This final element draws our attention to the question of God’s fairness in judging those who have never had access to His Word.
As we reflect on that question, we should note that God always does what is just, right, and proper in every circumstance, including this one. Perhaps the best way to illustrate this aspect of God’s character is to consider the various ways translators have rendered the following text from Deuteronomy 32:4: “He is the Rock, His work is perfect; For all His ways are justice, A God of truth and without injustice; Righteous and upright is He” (NKJV).
A brief survey of this passage as it appears in other translations can enhance our understanding of this divine attribute…
- “he never does wrong” (CEV).
- “[He is] without bias” (CSB).
- “without iniquity, just and upright is he” (ESV).
- “He is a faithful God, who does no wrong. He is honorable and reliable” (GW).
- “A faithful God, without prejudice” (HCSB).
- “he is fair and upright” (NET).
With these things in mind, we can reach the following conclusion: God’s judgment of those who have never heard of Christ will correspond with His fair, just, and equitable character.